"sulī" meaning in All languages combined

See sulī on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈsu.liː/
Etymology: From a pre-Germanic ablauting paradigm *swol- ~ *sul-, with full-grade *swalī found in Old High German swelli, swella (modern German Schwelle (“threshold; railroad tie”)), Old West Norse svalar, Old Swedish svali (modern dialectal Swedish svale, svala (“porch, canopy”)). Further uncertain: * Traditionally, from Proto-Indo-European *swel-, *sel- (“piece of wood; beam, post, balk, board, threshold, sill”). Cognate with Lithuanian šelmuõ (“apex, roof, ridge”), Latin silva (“wood, forest”), Latin solum (“ground, floor, sole, bottom”). * In view of the phonetic and paradigmatic irregularities, as well as the semantic category, likely of substrate origin along with *sauliz, *sūliz (“beam; post, pillar”), *siuwilō and Swedish syll (“railroad tie”). Etymology templates: {{pre-Germanic}} pre-Germanic, {{cog|goh|swelli, swella}} Old High German swelli, swella, {{cog|de|Schwelle||threshold; railroad tie}} German Schwelle (“threshold; railroad tie”), {{cog|non-own|svalar}} Old West Norse svalar, {{cog|gmq-osw|svali}} Old Swedish svali, {{cog|sv|svale, svala||porch, canopy}} Swedish svale, svala (“porch, canopy”), {{unc|gem-pro|nocap=1}} uncertain, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*swel-}} Proto-Indo-European *swel-, {{cog|lt|šelmuõ||apex, roof, ridge}} Lithuanian šelmuõ (“apex, roof, ridge”), {{cog|la|silva||wood, forest}} Latin silva (“wood, forest”), {{cog|la|solum||ground, floor, sole, bottom}} Latin solum (“ground, floor, sole, bottom”), {{der|gem-pro|qfa-sub}} substrate, {{m+|sv|syll||railroad tie}} Swedish syll (“railroad tie”) Head templates: {{gem-noun|f}} *sulī f Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], sulī [nominative, singular], suljôz [nominative, plural], sulī [singular, vocative], suljôz [plural, vocative], suljǭ [accusative, singular], suljōz [accusative, plural], suljōz [genitive, singular], suljǫ̂ [genitive, plural], suljōi [dative, singular], suljōmaz [dative, plural], suljō [instrumental, singular], suljōmiz [instrumental, plural], *swalī [alternative]
  1. balk, bar, threshold, sill Wikipedia link: Proto-Germanic language#Pre-Proto-Germanic (Pre-PGmc) Tags: feminine, reconstruction Synonyms: stuþilaz Derived forms: suljaną Related terms: selmô, swalī, swilī
    Sense id: en-sulī-gem-pro-noun-PZQyb4WF Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sylle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sülle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "selle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sille"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Latin",
              "lang_code": "la",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "silla"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "syl"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sylle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sülle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "selle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sille"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Latin",
              "lang_code": "la",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "silla"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "syll"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "West Frisian",
              "lang_code": "fy",
              "word": "sille"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "*selle"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sul"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sülle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sille"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "*sul"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sul"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sülle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sille"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "*sulli"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "zulle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "sulle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "zulle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "sille"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "word": "*sulla"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
      "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
      "word": "*sul(l)i"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "syll"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "sylla"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "lang_code": "fo",
          "word": "syll"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "lang_code": "no",
          "word": "syll"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Swedish",
              "lang_code": "sv",
              "word": "syll"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Swedish",
          "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
          "word": "syl"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Danish",
          "lang_code": "da",
          "word": "syld"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "word": "syll"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pre-Germanic",
      "name": "pre-Germanic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "swelli, swella"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German swelli, swella",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Schwelle",
        "3": "",
        "4": "threshold; railroad tie"
      },
      "expansion": "German Schwelle (“threshold; railroad tie”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non-own",
        "2": "svalar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old West Norse svalar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-osw",
        "2": "svali"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Swedish svali",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "svale, svala",
        "3": "",
        "4": "porch, canopy"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish svale, svala (“porch, canopy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swel-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swel-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "šelmuõ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "apex, roof, ridge"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian šelmuõ (“apex, roof, ridge”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "silva",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wood, forest"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin silva (“wood, forest”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "solum",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ground, floor, sole, bottom"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin solum (“ground, floor, sole, bottom”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "syll",
        "3": "",
        "4": "railroad tie"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish syll (“railroad tie”)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a pre-Germanic ablauting paradigm *swol- ~ *sul-, with full-grade *swalī found in Old High German swelli, swella (modern German Schwelle (“threshold; railroad tie”)), Old West Norse svalar, Old Swedish svali (modern dialectal Swedish svale, svala (“porch, canopy”)). Further uncertain:\n* Traditionally, from Proto-Indo-European *swel-, *sel- (“piece of wood; beam, post, balk, board, threshold, sill”). Cognate with Lithuanian šelmuõ (“apex, roof, ridge”), Latin silva (“wood, forest”), Latin solum (“ground, floor, sole, bottom”).\n* In view of the phonetic and paradigmatic irregularities, as well as the semantic category, likely of substrate origin along with *sauliz, *sūliz (“beam; post, pillar”), *siuwilō and Swedish syll (“railroad tie”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ī/jō-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sulī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sulī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "*swalī",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "*sulī f",
      "name": "gem-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sulī",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "suljaną"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "balk, bar, threshold, sill"
      ],
      "id": "en-sulī-gem-pro-noun-PZQyb4WF",
      "links": [
        [
          "balk",
          "balk"
        ],
        [
          "bar",
          "bar"
        ],
        [
          "threshold",
          "threshold"
        ],
        [
          "sill",
          "sill"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "selmô"
        },
        {
          "word": "swalī"
        },
        {
          "word": "swilī"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "stuþilaz"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Proto-Germanic language#Pre-Proto-Germanic (Pre-PGmc)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsu.liː/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sulī"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "suljaną"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sylle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sülle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "selle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sille"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Latin",
              "lang_code": "la",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "silla"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "syl"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sylle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sülle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "selle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "English",
                  "lang_code": "en",
                  "word": "sill"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sil"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Scots",
                  "lang_code": "sco",
                  "word": "sill"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle English",
              "lang_code": "enm",
              "word": "sille"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Latin",
              "lang_code": "la",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "silla"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old English",
          "lang_code": "ang",
          "word": "syll"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "West Frisian",
              "lang_code": "fy",
              "word": "sille"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Frisian",
          "lang_code": "ofs",
          "word": "*selle"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sul"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sülle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sille"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "*sul"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sul"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sülle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sull"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "Low German",
                  "lang_code": "nds",
                  "word": "Sülle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Low German",
              "lang_code": "gml",
              "word": "sille"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "lang_code": "osx",
          "word": "*sulli"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "zulle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "sulle"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Dutch",
                  "lang_code": "nl",
                  "word": "zulle"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Middle Dutch",
              "lang_code": "dum",
              "word": "sille"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Dutch",
          "lang_code": "odt",
          "word": "*sulla"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
      "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
      "word": "*sul(l)i"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "syll"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "sylla"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "lang_code": "fo",
          "word": "syll"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "lang_code": "no",
          "word": "syll"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Swedish",
              "lang_code": "sv",
              "word": "syll"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Old Swedish",
          "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
          "word": "syl"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Danish",
          "lang_code": "da",
          "word": "syld"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "word": "syll"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pre-Germanic",
      "name": "pre-Germanic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "swelli, swella"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German swelli, swella",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Schwelle",
        "3": "",
        "4": "threshold; railroad tie"
      },
      "expansion": "German Schwelle (“threshold; railroad tie”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non-own",
        "2": "svalar"
      },
      "expansion": "Old West Norse svalar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-osw",
        "2": "svali"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Swedish svali",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "svale, svala",
        "3": "",
        "4": "porch, canopy"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish svale, svala (“porch, canopy”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swel-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swel-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "šelmuõ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "apex, roof, ridge"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian šelmuõ (“apex, roof, ridge”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "silva",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wood, forest"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin silva (“wood, forest”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "solum",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ground, floor, sole, bottom"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin solum (“ground, floor, sole, bottom”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "syll",
        "3": "",
        "4": "railroad tie"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish syll (“railroad tie”)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a pre-Germanic ablauting paradigm *swol- ~ *sul-, with full-grade *swalī found in Old High German swelli, swella (modern German Schwelle (“threshold; railroad tie”)), Old West Norse svalar, Old Swedish svali (modern dialectal Swedish svale, svala (“porch, canopy”)). Further uncertain:\n* Traditionally, from Proto-Indo-European *swel-, *sel- (“piece of wood; beam, post, balk, board, threshold, sill”). Cognate with Lithuanian šelmuõ (“apex, roof, ridge”), Latin silva (“wood, forest”), Latin solum (“ground, floor, sole, bottom”).\n* In view of the phonetic and paradigmatic irregularities, as well as the semantic category, likely of substrate origin along with *sauliz, *sūliz (“beam; post, pillar”), *siuwilō and Swedish syll (“railroad tie”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ī/jō-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sulī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sulī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suljōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "*swalī",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "*sulī f",
      "name": "gem-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sulī",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "selmô"
    },
    {
      "word": "swalī"
    },
    {
      "word": "swilī"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
        "Proto-Germanic ī/jō-stem nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "balk, bar, threshold, sill"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "balk",
          "balk"
        ],
        [
          "bar",
          "bar"
        ],
        [
          "threshold",
          "threshold"
        ],
        [
          "sill",
          "sill"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Proto-Germanic language#Pre-Proto-Germanic (Pre-PGmc)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsu.liː/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "stuþilaz"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sulī"
}

Download raw JSONL data for sulī meaning in All languages combined (9.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.